Ireland: A Brief Overview

Geography and Population

Ireland, often referred to as the Emerald Isle due to its lush green landscapes, is an island nation located in the North Atlantic. It is divided into the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland, the latter being part of the United Kingdom. The Republic of Ireland, with its capital in Dublin, covers about five-sixths of the island.

• Population: Approximately 5.1 million (2025 estimate)
• Area: 70,273 square kilometres (27,133 square miles)
• Official Languages: Irish (Gaeilge) and English
• Currency: Euro (€)
• Private investigation: Is regulated as a licensed activity at the national level. 

Economic Overview

Ireland is renowned for its strong, open economy and has consistently ranked as one of the wealthiest countries in the European Union by GDP per capita. Over recent decades, it has transformed into a hub for multinational corporations, particularly in technology, pharmaceuticals, and financial services.

Global Business Hub

Ireland’s business-friendly policies, skilled workforce, and strategic location make it a leading destination for foreign direct investment (FDI). Key advantages include:

• Low Corporate Tax Rate: A headline rate of 12.5%.
• EU Membership: Providing companies with access to the single market.
• Innovation and Tech Ecosystem: Host to European headquarters for global tech giants like Google, Facebook (Meta), and Apple.
• Skilled Workforce: Young and educated, with a strong emphasis on STEM fields.

GDP and Economic Performance

• GDP (Nominal): Approx. $600 billion (2025 estimate)
• GDP Per Capita: Among the highest globally, reflecting a robust economy driven by exports, innovation, and FDI.
• Key Industries: Information and Communication Technology (ICT), pharmaceuticals, medical devices, agriculture, and financial services.

International Rankings

Ireland consistently performs well in global rankings:

• Ease of Doing Business: Ranked highly by the World Bank.
• Human Development Index (HDI): Among the top globally, reflecting high standards in health, education, and income.
• Global Innovation Index: A leader in innovation-driven industries.

Culture and Quality of Life

Beyond its business and economic strength, Ireland is celebrated for its rich cultural heritage, including literature, music, and traditional Gaelic sports. It boasts a high quality of life, supported by excellent healthcare, education systems, and a safe, welcoming environment.

Ireland has 32 counties, divided into four provinces: Leinster, Munster, Connacht, and Ulster.